1 Kings 13:2

Authorized King James Version

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And he cried against the altar in the word of the LORD, and said, O altar, altar, thus saith the LORD; Behold, a child shall be born unto the house of David, Josiah by name; and upon thee shall he offer the priests of the high places that burn incense upon thee, and men's bones shall be burnt upon thee.

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּקְרָ֤א And he cried H7121
וַיִּקְרָ֤א And he cried
Strong's: H7121
Word #: 1 of 29
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 2 of 29
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
מִזְבֵּ֔חַ O altar H4196
מִזְבֵּ֔חַ O altar
Strong's: H4196
Word #: 3 of 29
an altar
בִּדְבַ֣ר in the word H1697
בִּדְבַ֣ר in the word
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 4 of 29
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
יְהוָ֑ה of the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֑ה of the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 5 of 29
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אָמַ֣ר and said H559
אָמַ֣ר and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 6 of 29
to say (used with great latitude)
מִזְבֵּ֔חַ O altar H4196
מִזְבֵּ֔חַ O altar
Strong's: H4196
Word #: 7 of 29
an altar
מִזְבֵּ֔חַ O altar H4196
מִזְבֵּ֔חַ O altar
Strong's: H4196
Word #: 8 of 29
an altar
כֹּ֖ה H3541
כֹּ֖ה
Strong's: H3541
Word #: 9 of 29
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
אָמַ֣ר and said H559
אָמַ֣ר and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 10 of 29
to say (used with great latitude)
יְהוָ֑ה of the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֑ה of the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 11 of 29
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
הִנֵּה H2009
הִנֵּה
Strong's: H2009
Word #: 12 of 29
lo!
בֵ֞ן Behold a child H1121
בֵ֞ן Behold a child
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 13 of 29
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
נוֹלָ֤ד shall be born H3205
נוֹלָ֤ד shall be born
Strong's: H3205
Word #: 14 of 29
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
לְבֵית unto the house H1004
לְבֵית unto the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 15 of 29
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
דָּוִד֙ of David H1732
דָּוִד֙ of David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 16 of 29
david, the youngest son of jesse
יֹֽאשִׁיָּ֣הֽוּ Josiah H2977
יֹֽאשִׁיָּ֣הֽוּ Josiah
Strong's: H2977
Word #: 17 of 29
joshijah, the name of two israelites
שְׁמ֔וֹ by ~ H8034
שְׁמ֔וֹ by ~
Strong's: H8034
Word #: 18 of 29
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
וְזָבַ֣ח and upon thee shall he offer H2076
וְזָבַ֣ח and upon thee shall he offer
Strong's: H2076
Word #: 19 of 29
to slaughter an animal (usually in sacrifice)
עָלֶ֗יךָ H5921
עָלֶ֗יךָ
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 20 of 29
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 21 of 29
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
כֹּֽהֲנֵ֤י the priests H3548
כֹּֽהֲנֵ֤י the priests
Strong's: H3548
Word #: 22 of 29
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
הַבָּמוֹת֙ of the high places H1116
הַבָּמוֹת֙ of the high places
Strong's: H1116
Word #: 23 of 29
an elevation
הַמַּקְטִרִ֣ים that burn incense H6999
הַמַּקְטִרִ֣ים that burn incense
Strong's: H6999
Word #: 24 of 29
to smoke, i.e., turn into fragrance by fire (especially as an act of worship)
עָלֶ֔יךָ H5921
עָלֶ֔יךָ
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 25 of 29
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
וְעַצְמ֥וֹת bones H6106
וְעַצְמ֥וֹת bones
Strong's: H6106
Word #: 26 of 29
a bone (as strong); by extension, the body; figuratively, the substance, i.e., (as pron.) selfsame
אָדָ֖ם upon thee and men's H120
אָדָ֖ם upon thee and men's
Strong's: H120
Word #: 27 of 29
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
יִשְׂרְפ֥וּ shall be burnt H8313
יִשְׂרְפ֥וּ shall be burnt
Strong's: H8313
Word #: 28 of 29
to be (causatively, set) on fire
עָלֶֽיךָ׃ H5921
עָלֶֽיךָ׃
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 29 of 29
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

Analysis & Commentary

And he cried against the altar in the word of the LORD, and said, O altar, altar, thus saith the LORD; Behold, a child shall be born unto the house of David, Josiah by name; and upon thee shall he offer the priests of the high places that burn incense upon thee, and men's bones shall be burnt upon thee.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of the man of god from judah, within the book's focus on spiritual decline of both kingdoms under various rulers. The temple represents God's dwelling among His people and foreshadows Christ as Immanuel ('God with us'). The sacrificial system points forward to Christ's ultimate sacrifice, fulfilling all temple offerings (Hebrews 10:1-18).

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. This period (c. 930-850 BCE) saw rapid succession and instability, especially in the northern kingdom.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

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